Fuel cell holds the promise of being environmentally friendly and becomes one of the alternatives for renewable energy. Solid acids have super–protonic behavior which allows them to become conductors. It can function at high temperatures. Hydration, on the other hand, may be used to improve the performance of the solid acid. Moreover, the conductivity, stability, and crystal structure of the solid acid compounds of the fuel cell are all influenced by the size of the electrolyte membrane. Very few works have been done on solid acid fuel cells which are still under investigation to make it one viable as well as a reliable alternative to clean, renewable energy. In general, this work will provide an overview of the variables or characteristics that affect the technical effectiveness and performance of the unique super–protonic conductors for solid acid fuel cells.

The Na₂SO₄ samples were obtained by slow evaporation method. The mechanisms of the formation of electron and hole trapping centers are investigated by spectroscopic methods. Intrinsic recombination emission of 2.9–3.1 eV and impurity emission of 1.85 eV are excited at 4.0–4.5 eV. Intrinsic SO³⁻₄−SO⁻₄ and impurity Mn⁺ − SO⁻₄ trapping centers were revealed. The local levels corresponding between the electron and hole trapping center are 4.0–4.5 eV. The decay of intrinsic and impurity trapping centers was recorded at temperatures of 130–150 K and 280–350 K.

Ceramics based on alkaline earth metal fluorides activated by tungsten has been obtained by radiation synthesis. The synthesis was realized by direct action on the mixture with an activator of a powerful flow of high-energy electrons without the use of any additives to facilitate the synthesis. It has been established that the resulting ceramics have luminescent properties characteristic of tungsten-activated materials based on metal fluorides.

Photoelectronic devices such as solar cells require an electrolyte with electrode that has high energy conversion efficiency. Hence, ionic electrolyte and blend polymer composite electrolyte helps in ion regeneration and improving the performance of the device. Introduction of metal nanoparticles in the polymers such as the PMMA, PVDF provides this enhancement of performance. Nanoparticles are manufactured in an eco-friendly manner and characterized by UV and XRD. In this work we present the possibility that could be explored with the incorporation of nanoparticles and also see the synthesis process of green nanoparticles. The excitons dissociation in these devices could increase with the introduction of nanoparticles. They exhibit a near field surface plasmon resonance effect which couples with the existing photoactive layer, increasing the absorption cross section. We propose that these non-toxic and bio-friendly nanoparticles are very beneficial in our quest of green energy.

The paper presents the results of the studies of thermal properties of nanocrystalline superionic Na_xCu_1.75S (x = 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 25) compositions, and preliminary results of Na_0.1Cu_1.75S using as energy stored cathode material in Na-ion half-cell with NaPF₆ electrolyte and Na anode. The compositions contain a few copper sulfide phases: monoclinic chalcocite Cu₂S, orthorhombic anilite Cu_1.75S, triclinic roxbyite Cu_1.74÷1.82S, also the compositions can contain monoclinic Na₂Cu₄S₃, orthorhombic Na₂S, cubic Cu₂O as inclusion phases. The sizes of powder particles lie in the range from 10 to 113 nm. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed in Na_0.1Cu_1.75S the endothermic thermal effects with critical temperatures near 123 ^oC, 422 ^oC and 442 ^oC, caused by structural transitions in copper sulfide. Fourth endothermic peak at 323 ^oC presumably belongs to Na₂S phase. The minimum for the Fermi level at about 420°C is found with using of the e.m.f. E of the electrochemical cell of the Cu/CuBr/Na_0.10Cu_1.75S/Pt, which corresponds to minimum for the carrier concentration. This conclusion correlates well with the observed conductivity minimum at about 410°C. Electrode material Na_0.10Cu_1.75S achieved a significant specific energy density 146.5 mAh/g in half-cell assembled from the cathode active material, electrolyte (NaPF₆ in 0.5 mol PC) and Na anode.